Ashokastami Mela

Each spring, as the lunar calendar aligns with the eighth day of the bright half of the Chaitra month, thousands of devotees converge upon the ancient archaeological site of Unakoti in northern Tripura. This convergence marks the annual Ashokastami Mela, a significant religious gathering centered around a sacred bathing ritual in the confluence of two small streams. The festival is not merely a local observance but draws pilgrims from across Northeast India and neighbouring Bangladesh, all seeking spiritual purification and blessings at a site steeped in mythological grandeur.

History & Context

The origins of Ashokastami Mela are deeply intertwined with the ancient history of Unakoti. Unakoti, meaning “one less than a crore” (one less than ten million), is renowned for its colossal rock-cut sculptures and stone images of Hindu deities, primarily Shiva, dating back to the 7th-9th centuries AD. Legend has it that Lord Shiva, en route to Kashi (Varanasi), paused here, intending to spend a night. He asked his retinue of gods and goddesses to awaken before dawn for their onward journey. However, only Shiva himself awoke on time. In a fit of divine fury, he cursed the others, transforming them into the one-less-than-a-crore rock sculptures that grace the hillsides today.

The Ashokastami tithi, or lunar day, is considered highly auspicious for taking a holy dip in sacred waters. The festival at Unakoti taps into this ancient belief, with the streams believed to cleanse sins and bestow merit. The site itself, with its towering Shiva head (Unakotiswara Kal Bhairava) and other intricate carvings, forms a natural temple where these rituals have been performed for centuries, linking contemporary worship to a distant past.

What Makes It Distinctive

The distinctiveness of Ashokastami Mela lies in its unique confluence of natural springs, ancient rock art, and a specific bathing ritual. Unlike many other melas that focus on temple processions or specific deity worship, Unakoti's festival is deeply integrated with its archaeological landscape. Pilgrims perform their sacred ablutions not in a river or a constructed pond, but in the cool, clear waters of the two hill streams that flow down, believed to carry the sanctity of the ancient site. The backdrop of monumental rock carvings of Shiva, Ganesh, Durga, and other deities provides an unparalleled spiritual atmosphere. Additionally, the festival includes offerings, devotional singing (bhajans), and folk performances, creating a vibrant cultural tableau amidst the verdant hills of North Tripura.

Best Time to Visit

The Ashokastami Mela typically occurs in the months of March or April, depending on the Hindu lunar calendar. This period generally coincides with the spring season in Tripura, offering pleasant weather with moderate temperatures. While the days can be warm, the mornings and evenings are usually comfortable. Visiting during this time allows travellers to experience the cultural and religious fervour firsthand, alongside enjoying the relatively dry and accessible conditions of Unakoti. Outside of the mela, the cooler, dry winter months (November to February) are also ideal for exploring Unakoti and the wider region.

How to Reach

Unakoti is located near Kailashahar town in the Unakoti district of Tripura.

• By Air: The nearest major airport is Agartala Airport (IXA), approximately 178 km (~5-6 hours drive) from Kailashahar. From Agartala, taxis and shared vehicles are available to Kailashahar or directly to Unakoti. Alternatively, Silchar Airport (IXS) in Assam is about 150 km away.
• By Rail: The nearest railway station is Kumarghat, which is about 20 km from Unakoti. Kailashahar also has a railway station. From Kumarghat or Kailashahar, local transport like auto-rickshaws and shared jeeps can be hired to reach Unakoti.
• By Road: Unakoti is well-connected by road. From Agartala, Kailashahar is accessible via NH 8 and other state roads. Buses and private taxis operate regularly between Agartala and Kailashahar. The journey from Agartala to Unakoti takes roughly 5-6 hours.

Permits & Entry

For Indian citizens, no special permits are required to visit Tripura or the Unakoti site. For foreign nationals, no Protected Area Permit (PAP) or Restricted Area Permit (RAP) is required for Tripura. There is an entry fee to the Unakoti archaeological site, though the exact amount is not always officially published and may change. Visitors are advised to confirm locally before travelling.

Nearby Attractions

• Kailashahar: A historic town, formerly a princely state, offering glimpses into Tripura's past.
• Dharmanagar: The second-largest town in North Tripura, a commercial hub with a few local temples.
• Jampui Hills: Known as the 'Eternal Spring' of Tripura, famous for its orange orchards and scenic beauty, approximately 100 km from Unakoti.
• Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary: A dense forest and zoological park near Agartala, home to diverse flora and fauna, including spectacled monkeys.
• Ujjayanta Palace: The former royal palace of Tripura, now the State Museum, located in Agartala.
• Neermahal Palace: A beautiful water palace situated in the middle of Rudrasagar Lake, south of Agartala.

Traveller Tips

1. Dress Code: Wear modest clothing, especially during the Mela, as it is a religious site. Comfortable walking shoes are essential for navigating the hilly terrain.
2. Water & Snacks: Carry sufficient water and light snacks, particularly during the Mela, as facilities can be limited or crowded.
3. Local Transport: Auto-rickshaws and shared jeeps are common modes of local transport; negotiate fares in advance.
4. Photography: Photography is generally permitted, but always be respectful of devotees during rituals. Ask for permission before photographing individuals.
5. Accommodation: Accommodation options are available in Kailashahar, a short drive from Unakoti, ranging from basic guesthouses to mid-range hotels.
6. Connectivity: Mobile network coverage is generally available but can be intermittent in some pockets around Unakoti.
7. Cash: Carry enough cash, as ATMs may not be readily available directly at the site, and smaller vendors prefer cash transactions.
8. Environmental Care: Dispose of waste responsibly to help preserve the pristine nature of the archaeological site and surrounding forest.